No genus of cacti this small has been split and renamed as often as Ariocarpus. Botanists named close to a hundred varieties, subspecies, forms and stand-alone species across the group. Modern taxonomy folds almost all of them back into seven variable species, so today they survive as synonyms, the old names you still meet on plant labels and in catalogs.
Below is the full set, 94 published names in all, grouped under the accepted species each one belongs to. Status follows POWO. Just one infraspecific name is still accepted in the whole genus: A. bravoanus subsp. hintonii, the small San Luis Potosí plant. Everything else here is a synonym. The cultivated oddities, crests and Godzilla and the rest, live on the Cultivars page.
A handful of these old names are still grown under their original labels; our companion site profiles the furfuraceus form of A. retusus, for one.
| Name | Author | Rank |
|---|
| Mammillaria fissurata · basionym | Engelm. | species |
| Roseocactus fissuratus | (Engelm.) A.Berger | species |
| Anhalonium engelmannii | Lem. | species |
| Anhalonium fissuratum | Engelm. | species |
| Ariocarpus fissuratus f. intermedius | (Backeb. & Kilian) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus fissuratus f. minor | Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus fissuratus subsp. lloydii | (Rose) U.Guzmán | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus fissuratus subsp. pailanus | Halda | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus fissuratus var. lloydii | (Rose) W.T.Marshall | variety |
| Ariocarpus fissuratus var. pailanus | (Halda) Batov | variety |
| Ariocarpus lloydii | Rose | species |
| Ariocarpus lloydii var. mayor | Frič | variety |
| Roseocactus intermedius | Backeb. & Kilian | species |
| Roseocactus lloydii | (Rose) A.Berger | species |
| Name | Author | Rank |
|---|
| Anhalonium kotschoubeyanum · basionym | Lem. | species |
| Roseocactus kotschoubeyanus | (Lem.) A.Berger | species |
| Anhalonium fissipedum | Monv. ex C.F.Först. | species |
| Anhalonium kotchubeyi | Lem. ex Salm-Dyck | species |
| Anhalonium sulcatum | Salm-Dyck | species |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus f. sladkovskyi | (Halda & Horáček) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus subsp. albiflorus | (Backeb.) Glass | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus subsp. elephantidens | Halda | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus subsp. neotulensis | Halda | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus subsp. skarupkeanus | Halda & Horáček | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus subsp. sladkovskyi | Halda & Horáček | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus subsp. tulensis | Halda | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus var. elephantidens | Skarupke | variety |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus var. neotulensis | (Halda) Batov | variety |
| Ariocarpus rotchubeyanus | Cobbold | species |
| Ariocarpus sulcatus | (Salm-Dyck) K.Schum. | species |
| Mammillaria sulcata | Salm-Dyck | species |
| Roseocactus kotschoubeyanus subsp. macdowellii | Backeb. | subspecies |
| Roseocactus kotschoubeyanus var. albiflorus | Backeb. | variety |
| Roseocactus kotschoubeyanus var. macdowellii | (Backeb.) Backeb. | variety |
| Stromatocactus kotschoubeyi | Karw. ex C.F.Först. & Rümpler | species |
| Strombocactus kotschoubeyi | Karw. ex C.F.Först. & Rümpler | species |
| Name | Author | Rank |
|---|
| Anhalonium areolosum | Lem. | species |
| Anhalonium elongatum | Salm-Dyck | species |
| Anhalonium furfuraceum | (S.Watson) J.M.Coult. | species |
| Anhalonium prismaticum | Lem. | species |
| Anhalonium pulvilligerum | Lem. | species |
| Anhalonium retusum | Salm-Dyck | species |
| Ariocarpus confusus | Halda & Horáček | species |
| Ariocarpus elongatus | (Salm-Dyck) Wettst. | species |
| Ariocarpus elongatus subsp. horacekii | (Halda) Halda | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus furfuraceus | (S.Watson) H.S.Thomps. | species |
| Ariocarpus furfuraceus f. cristata | Frič | form |
| Ariocarpus furfuraceus var. rostratus | A.Berger | variety |
| Ariocarpus prismaticus | Cobbold | species |
| Ariocarpus prismaticus var. maior | Frič | variety |
| Ariocarpus prismaticus var. minor | Frič | variety |
| Ariocarpus pulvilligeris | (Monv. ex C.F.Först. & Rümpler) K.Schum. | species |
| Ariocarpus retusus f. elongatus | (Salm-Dyck) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus retusus f. furfuraceus | (S.Watson) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus retusus f. jarmilae | (Halda, Horáček & Panar.) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus retusus f. rostratus | (A.Berger) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus retusus f. sladkovskyi | (Halda & Kupčák) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus retusus subsp. confusus | (Halda & Horáček) Lüthy | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus retusus subsp. horacekii | Halda & Panar. | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus retusus subsp. jarmilae | Halda, Horáček & Panar. | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus retusus subsp. panarottoi | Halda & Horáček | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus retusus subsp. pectinatus | Weisbarth | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus retusus subsp. scapharostroides | Halda & Horáček | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus retusus subsp. sladkovskyi | Halda & Kupčák | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus retusus var. furfuraceus | (S.Watson) G.Frank | variety |
| Ariocarpus retusus var. palomaensis | Batov | variety |
| Ariocarpus trigonus var. elongatus | (Salm-Dyck) Backeb. | variety |
| Ariocarpus trigonus var. horacekii | Halda | variety |
| Cactus areolosus | Kuntze | species |
| Cactus prismaticus | (Hemsl.) Kuntze | species |
| Cactus procerus | (C.Ehrenb.) Kuntze | species |
| Mammillaria aloides | Monv. ex Labour. | species |
| Mammillaria areolosa | Hemsl. | species |
| Mammillaria elongata | Hemsl. | species |
| Mammillaria furfuracea | S.Watson | species |
| Mammillaria prismatica | Hemsl. | species |
| Mammillaria procera | C.Ehrenb. | species |
| Mammillaria pulvilligera | Monv. ex C.F.Först. & Rümpler | species |
| Mammillaria purpuracea | S.Watson | species |
| Name | Author | Rank |
|---|
| Anhalonium trigonum | F.A.C.Weber | species |
| Ariocarpus retusus subsp. trigonus | (F.A.C.Weber) E.F.Anderson & W.A.Fitz Maur. | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus trigonus f. elongatissimus | Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus trigonus f. minor | (Voldan) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus trigonus var. elongatus | Batov | variety |
| Ariocarpus trigonus var. minor | Voldan | variety |
| Name | Author | Rank |
|---|
| Ariocarpus fissuratus subsp. bravoanus | (H.M.Hern. & E.F.Anderson) Lüthy | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus subsp. bravoanus | (H.M.Hern. & E.F.Anderson) Halda | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus bravoanus subsp. hintonii · accepted | (Stuppy & N.P.Taylor) E.F.Anderson & W.A.Fitz Maur. | subspecies |
| Name | Author | Rank |
|---|
| Ariocarpus kotschoubeyanus subsp. agavioides | (Castañeda) Halda | subspecies |
| Neogomesia agavioides · basionym | Castañeda | species |
| Ariocarpus agavioides f. pulcher | (Halda & Horáček) Batov | form |
| Ariocarpus agavioides subsp. pulcher | Halda & Horáček | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus agavioides subsp. sanluisensis | Sotom., Arred., Sánchez Barra & Mart.Mend. | subspecies |
| Ariocarpus agavioides var. sanluisensis | (Sotom., Arred., Sánchez Barra & Mart.Mend.) Batov | variety |
| Name | Author | Rank |
|---|
| Ariocarpus scaphirostrus var. swobodae | Halda, Horáček & Panar. | variety |
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